当前位置:网站首页> 文学天地>正文

初中英语同义词替换考点

发布于:2019-07-22 13:06:21发问者:天晴问友| 评论:1条

同义替换题是近几年中考英语的常考题型,今天小编为大家整理的是同义替换题的考查类型,希望大家喜欢,欢迎阅读参考。

1、运用同义词(组)进行转换

用同义词或同义短语对原句中的某些词或短语进行替换,注意转换后的词或短语的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:

1. That day we could see flowers here and there.

That day we could see flowers __________.

答案:

everywhere

解析:

everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。

2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.

The teacher always ______ ______ the children well in the school.

答案:

looks after

解析:

take good care of与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。

2、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换

即用反义词或短语的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词(短语)的积累和换位思维的能力。如:

1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.

It’s clear that this visit is not the ______ ______ last time.

答案:

same as

解析:

be different from意为“与……不同”;the same as意为“与……相同”,其否定式与be different from同义。

2. I think wealth is less important than health.

I ______ think wealth is ______ important than health.

答案:

don’t more

另外,有的反义词不用与否定词连用,只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如:

He lent some money to his friend.

His friend ______ some money ______ him.

答案:

borrowed; from

解析:

borrow …from …意为“向……借……”;lend…to... 意为“把……借给……”。

3、运用不同语态进行转换

即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词, 但此时要特别注意时态一致性。如:

1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.

Library books should______ ______ ______ on time.

答案:

be given back

解析:

被动句中含有情态动词should,因此助动词用be。

2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.

It is widely accepted that computers ______ widely ______ in the world today.

答案:

are;used

解析:

computers是复数名词,助动词用are。

4、非延续性动词与延续性动词相互转换

非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换,此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如:

1. The manager left two hours ago.

The manager ______ ______ ______ for two hours.

答案: has been away

解析:

leave为非延续性动词,不能与for two hours连用,而be away则可连用一段时间。

2. The film began five minutes ago.

The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.

答案:

on for

解析:

has been提示时态是现在完成时态,“for + 时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”,常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。

3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.

Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.

答案:

has been in

5、直接引语与间接引语相互转换

此时要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如:

1.“I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.

He ______ me that he______ ______his wallet.

答案:

told;had found

2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.

He ______ ______ I had seen her the week ______.

答案:

asked if / whether; before

6、简单句与复合句之间的转换

即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如:

1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.

We didn’t go out for a walk ______ ______ the rain.

答案:

because of

2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.

He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.

答案:

too excited to

解析:

将so…that…换成too…to…结构,原句的that从句为结果状语从句,改写句中的不定式仍表结果。

3. Now I will show you how to do the work.

Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.

答案:

how you can

解析:

即将原句中的“疑问词+不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。

4. You should put them back after you use them.

You should put them back _____ _____ them.

答案:

after using

解析:

即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。

7、并列句与复合句之间的转换

即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如:

1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.

______ we ______ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.

答案:

If;don’t

2. The man gave us a talk last week. He will give us another talk this week.

The man ______ gave us a talk last week ______ ______ us another talk this week.

答案:

who / that;will give

解析:

who/ that gave us a talk last week为定语从句,修饰先行词man。

8、运用关联词连接或合并句子

即运用关联词both…and…,neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是,both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语总是用复数,而neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…连接两个主语时,谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如:

1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.

______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.

答案:

Neither;nor

解析:

neither…nor…表示“……和……(两者)都不”,刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。

2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.

______ Alice ______ Peter have read the book.

答案:

Both;and

解析:

both…and…的意思是“……和……(两者)都”。

3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.

This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes.

答案:

not only;but also

解析:

not only…but also…表示“不仅……而且……”之意。

9、运用某些经典句式或结构进行转换

这类典型结构如so…that…,too…to…,enough to,not…until…,so do I 等。如:

1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.

Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.

答案:

so do

2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.

John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework.

答案:

didn’t; until

解析:

not…until意为“直到……才”。

延伸阅读:初中英语高频近义词/词组考点辨析

1、after, in

这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”。

after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中。例如:

She went after three days.

她是三天以后走的。

in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中。例如:

She will go in three days.

她将会三天后走。

2、how long, how often, how soon

how long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问。

例如:

How long ago was it?

这是多久前的事了?

how often指多久一次,主要用来对频度状语(如once a week等)提问。

例如:

—How often does he come here? 他多久来一次?

—Once a month.每月一次。

how soon指多久以后,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。

例如:

How soon can you come?

你多快能赶来?

3、few, a few, little, a little

few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”。

few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词。

4、the other, another

the other 指两者中的“另一个”,表示特指。例如:

We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other.

我们站在街这边,他们站在街那边。

another表示泛指,用来指至少三者中的另一个。

例如:

She has taken another of my books.

她已经拿了我的另外一本书。

5、spend, take, cost, pay

spend的宾语是时间或金钱,句子的主语必须是人。例如:

She spent the whole evening in reading.

她把整个晚上用来读书。

take用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语。例如:

How long will this job take you?

你做这项工作要花多长时间?

cost 指花费时间、金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语。例如:

How much does the jacket cost?

这件夹克多少钱?

pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)。例如:

I pay for my rooms by month.

我按月支付租金。

6、speak, say, talk, tell

这四个动词都有“说”的意思。

speak的意思是“讲话;演讲”,着重指说话的动作,多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言。例如:

He can speak Japanese.

他会说日语。

say的意思是“说;讲”,一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容。它的宾语可以是名词、代词或直接引语等。例如:

She says, “Don’t draw on the wall!”

她说:

“别在墙上画画!”

talk的意思是“说;讲;谈话”,与speak意义比较接近,但不如speak正式,着重强调两人之间的相互谈话,也可指单方面的谈话。例如:

She is talking with John in English.

她正在和约翰用英语交谈。

tell意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”,多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人,常接双宾语。例如:

She is telling the children a story.

她正在给孩子们讲故事。

7、among, between

between 的意思是“在……中间,在……之间”,一般指在两者之间。例如:

There is a table between two windows.

在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子。

between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那也是指在每二者之间。例如:

the relationship between different provinces and municiplities

省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系)

among 的意思是“在……中间,在……之中”,一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物之中。例如:

The teacher distributed them among the students.

老师把这些东西分给了学生。

8、beat, win

这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同。

beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队。例如:

We beat them.

我们打败了他们。

win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛或名次。例如:

We won the match/game/race/the first place.

我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)。

9、agree with, agree on, agree to

agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”。例如:

We all agree on (making) an early start.

我们一致同意及早出发。

agree with表示“与……意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见或看法的名词或what引导的从句。例如:

I agree with you without reservation.

我毫无保留地同意你的意见。

We agree with what you said just now.

我们同意你刚才所说的。

agree to表示“赞同、同意、答应或接受”,后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等。例如:

I agree to the terms proposed.

我同意拟议的条件。

10、bring, take, carry,fetch

这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同。

bring作“带来,拿来”解。例如:

Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work.

下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我。

take是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解。例如:

Take the box away, please.

请把盒子拿走。

carry表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车、船,也可以用手甚至用头。例如:

This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers.

这辆巴士准载一百人。

fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思。例如:

Please fetch me the documents in that room.

请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我。

点击展开全文
相关文章+更多
  • 假如给我三天光明初中读后感

    假如给我三天光明初中读后感 ,所谓“感”,可以是从书中领悟出来的道理或精湛的思想,可以是受书中的内容启发而引起的思考与联想,可以是因读书而引起的决心和理想,今天就给

  • 伟大的悲剧读后感初中

    伟大的悲剧读后感 ,所谓“感”,可以是从书中领悟出来的道理或精湛的思想,可以是受书中的内容启发而引起的思考与联想,可以是因读书而引起的决心和理想,今天就给大家分享一

  • 钢铁是怎么炼成的初中读后感

    钢铁是怎么炼成的初中读后感 ,读后感的表达方式灵活多样,基本属于议论范畴,但写法不同于一般议论文,因为它必须是在读后的基础上发感想。要写好有体验、有见解、有感情、有

  • 城南旧事初中读后感

    城南旧事初中读后感 ,我们知道读了一本书,一篇文章,一段话,几句名言,一段音乐,把具体感受和得到的启示写成的文章叫读后感,今天就给大家分享一篇关于城南旧事初中读后感

  • 西游记读后感初中模板作文

    西游记读后感 ,读后感的表达方式灵活多样,基本属于议论范畴,但写法不同于一般议论文,因为它必须是在读后的基础上发感想。要写好有体验、有见解、有感情、有新意的读后感,

  • 初中夏洛的网读后感

    初中夏洛的网读后感 ,读后感也可以叫做读书笔记,是一种常用的应用文体,也是应用写作研究的文体之一。简单说就是看完书后的感触,今天就给大家分享一篇关于初中夏洛的网读后

文学点评